Current Issue : January-March Volume : 2023 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 5 Articles
After major surgery, longitudinal changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) as well as imbalances in oxygen delivery (DO2) and distribution and processing (VO2) may occur due to dynamic metabolic requirements, an impaired macro- and microcirculatory flow and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the longitudinal pattern of these parameters in critically ill patients who die during hospitalization remains unknown. Therefore, we analyzed in 566 patients who received a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) their REE, DO2, VO2 and oxygen extraction ratio (O2ER) continuously in survivors and non-survivors over the first 7 days post cardiac surgery, calculated the percent increase in the measured compared with the calculated REE and investigated the impact of a reduced REE on 30-day, 1-year and 6-year mortality in a uni- and multivariate model. Only in survivors was there a statistically significant transition from a negative to a positive energy balance from day 0 until day 1 (Day 0: −3% (−18, 14) to day 1: 5% (−9, 21); p < 0.001). Furthermore, non-survivors had significantly decreased DO2 during the first 4 days and reduced O2ER from day 2 until day 6. Additionally, a lower REE was significantly associated with a worse survival at 30 days, 1 year and 6 years (p = 0.009, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.012, respectively). Non-survivors seemed to be unable to metabolically adapt from the early (previously called the ‘ebb’) phase to the later ‘flow’ phase. DO2 reduction was more pronounced during the first three days whereas O2ER was markedly lower during the following four days, suggesting a switch from a predominantly limited oxygen supply to prolonged mitochondrial dysfunction. The association between a reduced REE and mortality further emphasizes the importance of REE monitoring....
Aïnhum or spontaneous dactylolysis is a progressive constriction of the digito- plantar fold of the fifth toe which leads after several years of evolution to a spontaneous amputation of the toe. Classically, a distinction is made between “true Aïnhum” of unknown cause, which affects only blacks and those of African (sub-Saharan) descent; “pseudo-Aïnhum”, which follows various causes such as an inflammatory flange or foreign body constriction; and finally, palmo-plantar keratoderma, of genetic origin, such as Vohwinkel disease. We report a case of Aïnhum received at stage III of the pathology and who benefited from an amputation of the fifth toe....
This scientific problem is aiming to talk about the evaluation of morbidity and complications of total thyroidectomy. The presented review was conducted by searching in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, BMJ journal, and Google Scholar for, researches, review articles, and reports, published over the past years, which was searched up to June 2021 for published and unpublished studies and without language restrictions. If limitless lookup had comparable findings, we randomly chosen one or two to keep away from repetitive results. Based on the findings and effects of this review, the success of total thyroidectomy will beautify if we furnish large cognizance to advances in intervention, developing new methods and education. Surgeon responsiveness, nursing training will aid too in accomplishing this goal....
Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) advances the principles of minimally invasive surgery, including minor collateral tissue damage, reduced blood loss, and faster recovery times. ESS allows for direct access to the spine through small incisions and direct visualization of spinal pathology via an endoscope. While this technique has many applications, there is a steep learning curve when adopting ESS into a surgeon’s practice. Two types of navigation, optical and electromagnetic, may allow for widespread utilization of ESS by engendering improved orientation to surgical anatomy and reduced complication rates. The present review discusses these two available navigation technologies and their application in endoscopic procedures by providing case examples. Furthermore, we report on the future directions of navigation within the discipline of ESS....
Background: Malformation of cortical development (MCD) is a common cause of intractable epilepsy in children. In this study, the effectiveness of frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) surgery in children with intractable epilepsy due to MCD was assessed and its prognostic factors were studied. Methods: Seventy-six patients with intractable FLE who received epilepsy surgery between January 2016 and March 2018 in Peking University First Hospital were recruited in this study. All the resected brain tissues were demonstrated to be MCD. All patients were followed up for at least 3 years. The clinical data and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the correlations between clinical variables and prognostic outcome (Engel classification). Results: Sixty (78.9%) patients had Engel class I postoperative outcome. The mean age at surgery was 6.00 ± 4.24 years. Sixty-six patients (86.8%) had daily seizures, 40.2% of the patients had epileptic spasm, and 33% of the patients had extensive interictal EEG abnormalities, which, however, could not provide any helpful information for localizing epileptogenic zones. About 29% of the patients had normal MRI findings even by experienced radiologists, and 26% of the patients had epileptogenic lesion involving adjacent lobes. There was a significant correlation between acute postoperative seizure (APOS) and prognosis (P < 0.05): APOS predicted poor prognosis. There was a significant correlation between pathology and prognosis (P < 0.05): FCD IA and FCD IIB were correlated with a good outcome. Both variables with a significance level of P < 0.05 during univariate analysis, including pathology and APOS, were included in multivariate analysis, which were significant independent predictors of prognosis. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of pediatric intractable FLE due to MCD are more complicated than those in adults. Multidisplinary presurgical evaluation in pediatric epilepsy is mandatory. The surgical outcome of pediatric FLE due to MCD could reach a seizure-free rate of 78.9% with the follow-up of at least 3 years. The post-operative pathology and APOS may be related to the prognosis of surgery in this group of pediatric patients....
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